Ключевые слова

2658-6649

2658-6657

Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture

Science and Innovation Center Publishing House

10.12731/2658-6649-2025-17-5-1314

GPFIRS

https://discover-journal.ru/jour/index.php/sjlsa/article/view/1314

О влиянии малых молекул растительного происхождения на пищеварительные процессы в рубце крупного рогатого скота in situ

On the effect of small molecules of plant origin on digestive processes in the rumen of cattle in situ

Шошин

Даниил Евгеньевич

Шошин

Даниил Евгеньевич

Shoshin

Daniil E.

daniilshoshin@mail.ru Атландерова

Ксения Николаевна

Атландерова

Ксения Николаевна

Atlanderova

Ksenia N.

atlander-kn@mail.ru

Федеральный научный центр биологических систем и агротехнологий Российской академии наук (Оренбург, Российская Федерация) Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Orenburg, Russian Federation)

30 11 2025

2025

17 5 58 96 02 03 2025 28 04 2025 11 04 2025

2025

Д.Е. Шошин, К.Н. Атландерова

D.E. Shoshin, K.N. Atlanderova

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0

https://discover-journal.ru/jour/index.php/sjlsa/article/view/1314

Обоснование. Отказ от антибиотиков в животноводстве побуждает к поиску новых более эффективных альтернатив, одной из которых являются фитохимические вещества – малые молекулы с выраженным биоактивным действием. Цель исследования – анализ влияния транс-коричного альдегида, 7-гидроксикумарина, дигидрокверцетина и ванилина, а также их комбинаций на метаболические процессы в рубце жвачных: переваримость сухого вещества, обмен азота, синтез летучих жирных кислот и метана, целлюлозолитическую и амилолитическую активность микрофлоры, углеводный обмен. Материалы и методы. В статье рассмотрены физиологические свойства дигидрокверцетина, 7-гидроксикумарина, ванилина и транс-коричного альдегида, как действующих веществ из экстрактов некоторых растений. Проведена их аттестация по методу «in situ» на бычках породы казахская белоголовая, включая определение переваримости сухого вещества корма (метод нейлоновых мешочков), динамики концентраций метана и летучих жирных кислот (газовая хроматография), форм азота (метод Кьельдаля), амилолитической и целлюлозолитической активности (ручной метод) микробиоты. Результаты. Исследуемые фитобиотические вещества способствуют повышению переваримости сухого вещества кормового субстрата in situ в диапазоне от +5,5 % до +12,8 %, модулируют амилолитическую и целлюлозолитическую активность, дигидрокверцетин и его комплекс с ванилином обладает максимальным потенцирующим эффектом в выработке летучих жирных кислот. Ванилин, дигидрокверцетин и транскоричный альдегид нивелируют выработку CH4. Заключение. Проведенные исследования демонстрируют существенный потенциал транс-коричного альдегида, ванилина, 7-гидроксикумарина, дигидрокверцетина и их комбинаций в качестве модификаторов ферментативных процессов в рубце.

Background. The abandonment of antibiotics in animal husbandry leads to the search for new more effective alternatives, one of which is phytochemicals – small molecules with pronounced bioactive effects. Purpose. Analysis of the effect of trans-cinnamic aldehyde, 7-hydroxycoumarin, dihydroquercetin and vanillin, as well as their combinations on metabolic processes in ruminant rumen: digestibility of dry matter, nitrogen metabolism, synthesis of volatile fatty acids and methane, cellulolytic and amylolytic activity of microflora, carbohydrate metabolism. Materials and methods. The article discusses the physiological properties of dihydroquercetin, 7-hydroxycoumarin, vanillin and trans-cinnamic aldehyde as active ingredients from extracts of some plants. Their certification was carried out using the “in situ” method on Kazakh white-headed gobies, including determination of the digestibility of dry matter of feed (nylon bag method), dynamics of concentrations of methane and volatile fatty acids (gas chromatography), nitrogen forms (Kjeldahl method), amylolytic and cellulolytic activity (manual method) of microbiota. Results. The studied phytobiotic substances increase the digestibility of the dry matter of the feed substrate in situ in the range from +5.5% to +12.8%, modulate amylolytic and cellulolytic activity, dihydroquercetin and its complex with vanillin have a maximum potentiating effect in the production of volatile fatty acids. Vanillin, dihydroquercetin and transcoric aldehyde neutralize the production of CH4. Conclusion. The conducted studies demonstrate the significant potential of trans-cinnamic aldehyde, vanillin, 7-hydroxycoumarin, dihydroquercetin and their combinations as modifiers of enzymatic processes in the rumen.

Ключевые слова фитохимические вещества малые молекулы дигидрокверцетин 7-гидроксикумарин ванилин транс-коричный альдегид переваримость рубец жвачные метан азот летучие жирные кислоты

Keywords phytochemicals small molecules dihydroquercetin 7-hydroxycoumarin vanillin trans-cinnamic aldehyde digestibility rumen ruminants methane nitrogen volatile fatty acids

Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда № 22-76-10008, https://rscf.ru/project/22-76-10008/

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