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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2658-6649</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2658-6657</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Science and Innovation Center Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">480584</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12731/2658-6649-2026-18-3-1819</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">LVJHXT</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Агрохимия, агропочвоведение, защита и карантин растений</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Agricultural Chemistry, Soil Science, Plant Protection and Quarantine</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Federal Research Centre the Subtropical Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sochi, Russian Federation</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние кислотно-основных свойств бурой лесной кислой почвы на урожайность зеленого чайного листа (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) сорта Колхида в условиях субтропиков России</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Великий</surname><given-names>Андрей Васильевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Velikii</surname><given-names>Andrey V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, научный сотрудник</p> <p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Research Associate</p> <p> </p></bio><email>kriptozoorxon@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal Research Centre the Subtropical Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки «Федеральный исследовательский центр «Субтропический научный центр Российской академии наук»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><content-language>ru</content-language><pub-date date-type="preprint" publication-format="electronic" iso-8601-date="2026-06-30"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic" iso-8601-date="2026-06-30"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>254</fpage><lpage>276</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-02-13"><day>13</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-04-01"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></date></history><pub-history><event event-type="received"><event-desc>Received:<date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-02-13"><day>13</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></date></event-desc></event><event event-type="accepted"><event-desc>Accepted:<date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-04-01"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></date></event-desc></event><event event-type="pub"><event-desc>Published:<pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic" iso-8601-date="2026-06-30"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date></event-desc></event></pub-history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, A.V. Velikii</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, А.В. Великий</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">A.V. Velikii</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">А.В. Великий</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rcsi.science/2658-6649/article/view/480584">https://journals.rcsi.science/2658-6649/article/view/480584</self-uri><self-uri content-type="application/pdf" xlink:href="480584/480584-1257612-1-SM.pdf" xlink:title="PDF" xml:lang="ru">480584/480584-1257612-1-SM.pdf</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. Tea is a drink that unites billions of people. Its global production and consumption continues to increase, despite strict restrictions on environmental conditions: the specific climate, the level of soil acidity and its mineral composition. Due to its high economic value, the area of tea plantations in some countries of the world is rapidly expanding. It has been established that the optimal pH range of the soil for growing tea plants is 4,5–6,0.</p> <p>However, the cultivation of tea plants is often associated with additional acidification of the soil cover, which is an increasing problem for countries such as Japan, Sri Lanka, Rwanda and China. In order to increase tea production in agricultural lands, large amounts of ammonia-nitrogen fertilizers are often used, which helps to increase soil acidity, especially in humid climates. In the context of soil science, ecology and agronomy, acidification of the soil cover is a serious problem for the tea industry on a global scale.</p> <p>For the first time in the subtropical zone of Russia, the issues of acidification of tea plantation soils were studied, in particular, the determination of the lower limit of actual acidity (pHKCl), which is optimal for the normal growth and development of tea plants, and patterns between other acid-base properties of soils and the yield of green tea leaves were identified. This will make it possible to quickly assess the level of tea suitability of the lands, and will also lead to the optimization of the mineral nutrition of tea plantations.</p> <p>Purpose. Determination of the patterns between the acid-base properties of brown forest acidic soil and the yield of tea leaf (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze)) in the subtropical conditions of the Russian Federation.</p> <p>Materials and methods. The research was conducted in the area of the Black Sea coast of the Krasnodar Territory on a Colchis tea plantation. The experience includes 7 options: control and 6 options with trace elements. In order to assess the effect of acid-base properties on the yield of tea leaves, soil samples were taken to a depth of 0-20 cm in the autumn period. Laboratory studies were performed according to generally accepted methods: pHKCl – potentiometrically (ionometer pH-121, Russia); aluminum according to Sokolov; the content of exchange forms of Ca2+ and Mg2+ – trilometrically.</p> <p>Results. It was found that a decrease in pHKCl soil acidity from 2,8 to 3,8 units leads to a 6-8-fold increase in tea leaf yield from 1400 kg/ha to 11498 kg/ha. In turn, an increase in the level of Al3+ in the soil from 7,5 to 14,2 mmol(eq)/100g, on the contrary, leads to a 3,5-fold decrease in tea yield. With an increase in the level of Ca2+ in the soil from 1,0 to 5,0 mmol (eq)/100g, there was a tendency for yield growth by 3-4 times, and with an increase in the level of Mg2+ in the soil from 1,0 to 7,0 mmol(eq)/100g – by 2,1 times. In the course of a detailed study, a model of acid-base soil parameters was obtained, which reflects the relationship of current acidity with other soil characteristics, which reflects the mechanism of obtaining high yields of tea leaves. The importance of such parameters as Ca2++Mg2+/pHKCl and Ca2+/Mg2+ at the level of 1,44 and 1,36, respectively, in obtaining high tea yields of about 4200 kg/ha was established, and it was also revealed that at their level of 1,54–2.15 and 1,33–1,63, respectively, the increase in tea yield can range from 1980 to 4120 kg/ha.</p> <p>Conclusion. The results obtained show a complex relationship between the acid-base properties of acidic brown forest soil and the yield of tea leaves.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Обоснование. Чай – напиток, объединяющий миллиарды людей. Его мировое производство и потребление продолжает увеличиваться, несмотря на строгие ограничения к условиям к окружающей среды: специфический климат, уровень кислотности почвы и её минеральный состав. Благодаря своей высокой экономической ценности, площадь чайных плантаций в отдельных странах мира быстро расширяется. Установлено, что оптимальный диапазон pH почвы для выращивания растений чая составляет 4,5–6,0.</p> <p>Однако выращивание чайных растений зачастую сопряженно с дополнительным подкислением почвенного покрова, что является нарастающей проблемой для таких стран, как Япония, Шри-Ланка, Руанда и Китай. С целью увеличения объемов производства чая в сельскохозяйственных угодьях часто применяют большое количество аммиачно-азотных удобрений, что способствует усилению кислотности почвы, особенно в условиях влажного климата. В контексте почвоведения, экологии и агрономии, закисление почвенного покрова представляет собой серьёзную проблему для отрасли чаеводства в мировом масштабе.</p> <p>Впервые в субтропической зоне России были изучены вопросы закисления почв чайных плантаций, в частности определение нижнего предела актуальной кислотности (pHKCl), являющегося оптимальным для нормального роста и развития растений чайных растений, а также выявлены закономерности между другими кислотно-основными свойствами почв и урожайностью зеленого чайного листа. Это позволит быстрее оценивать уровень чаепригодности земель, а также приведет к оптимизации минерального питания чайных плантаций.</p> <p>Цель исследования. Определение закономерностей между кислотно-основными свойствами бурой лесной кислой почвы и урожайностью чайного листа (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze)) в условиях субтропиков РФ.</p> <p>Материалы и методы. Исследования были проведены в зоне Черноморского побережья Краснодарского края на чайной плантации сорта Колхида. Опыт включает 7 вариантов: контрольный и 6 вариантов с микроэлементами. С целью оценки влияния кислотно-основных свойств на урожайность чайного листа проводились отборы почвенных проб на глубину 0–20 см в осенний период. Лабораторные исследования выполнены по общепринятым методикам: pHKCl – потенциометрически (ионометр рН-121, Россия); алюминий по Соколову; содержание обменных форм Са2+ и Мg2+ – трилонометрически.</p> <p>Результаты. Установлено, что снижение уровня кислотности почвы pHKCl с 2,8 до 3,8 ед. приводит к росту урожайности чайного листа в 6–8 раз с 1400 кг/га до 11498 кг/га. В свою очередь увеличение уровня Al3+в почве с 7,5 до 14,2 ммоль(экв)/100г напротив приводит к снижению урожайности чая в 3,5 раза. При повышении уровня содержания Ca2+ в почве с 1,0 до 5,0 ммоль(экв)/100г отмечена тенденция роста урожайности в 3–4 раза, а при повышении уровня содержания Mg2+ в почве с 1,0 до 7,0 ммоль(экв)/100г – в 2,1 раза. В ходе детального изучения была получена модель кислотно-основных параметров почвы, что отражает в себе связи актуальной кислотности с другими почвенными характеристиками, в которой отображен механизм получения высоких урожаев чайного листа. Установлено значение в получении высоких урожаев чая около 4200 кг/га таких параметров как Ca2++Mg2+/pHKCl и Ca2+/Mg2+ при уровне 1,44 и 1,36 соответственно, а также выявлено, что при их уровне 1,54–2,15 и 1,33–1,63 соответственно прибавка урожая чая может составить от 1980 до 4120 кг/га.</p> <p>Заключение. Полученные результаты показывают сложную взаимосвязь между кислотно-основными свойствами бурой лесной кислой почвы и урожайностью чайного листа.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кислотность</kwd><kwd>урожайность</kwd><kwd>зеленый чайный лист</kwd><kwd>алюминий</kwd><kwd>кальций</kwd><kwd>магний</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acidity</kwd><kwd>yield</kwd><kwd>green tea leaves</kwd><kwd>aluminum</kwd><kwd>calcium</kwd><kwd>magnesium</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Agrochemical Methods for Soil Analysis. (1975). In A. V. Sokolov (Ed.), Agrochemical Methods for Soil Analysis. Moscow: Nauka. 759 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Агрохимические методы исследования почв. (1975). В А. В. Соколов (Отв. ред.), Агрохимические методы исследования почв. 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