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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2658-6649</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2658-6657</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Science and Innovation Center Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">442792</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12731/2658-6649-2026-18-1-1369</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">GYRNUV</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Ecology, Soil Science and Nature Management</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экология, почвоведение и природопользование</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Assessment of the carbon footprint of chicken manure compost produced using windrow composting technology</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Оценка углеродного следа компоста из куриного помета, получаемого с использованием технологии компостирования в буртах</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7857-8756</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">56539926700</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">AAO-8646-2020</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2691-5682</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Камалова</surname><given-names>Алина Ринатовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kamalova</surname><given-names>Alina R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Россия</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник учебно-научной лаборатории Центра агро- и экобиотехнологий, Институт экологии, биотехнологии и природопользования</p> <p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher at the Educational and Scientific Laboratory, Institute оf Ecology, Biotechnology and Nature Management</p> <p> </p></bio><email>akhtjamovaalina07@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2464-8886</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">55530953200</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">F-3849-2015</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1025-3736</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахметзянова</surname><given-names>Лейсан Габбасовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhmetzyanova</surname><given-names>Leysan G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Россия</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заведующий кафедрой прикладной экологии, к.б.н., Институт экологии, биотехнологии и природопользования</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of the Department of Applied Ecology, Ph.D. of Biological Sciences, Institute оf Ecology, Biotechnology and Nature Management</p> <p> </p></bio><email>leisan-ksu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6028-3467</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">NGR-9978-2025</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курицин</surname><given-names>Иван Николаевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuritsin</surname><given-names>Ivan N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Россия</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Master’s student, Institute оf Ecology, Biotechnology and Nature Management</p> <p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>магистрант кафедры прикладной экологии, Институт экологии, биотехнологии и природопользования</p> <p> </p></bio><email>ivan-kuritsin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4668-7569</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57214227143</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">G-2699-2014</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8294-8485</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Манишкин</surname><given-names>Сергей Геннадьевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Manishkin</surname><given-names>Sergey G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Россия</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доцент кафедры общего земледелия, растениеводства, агрохимии и защиты растений, к.с.- х.н.</p> <p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associate Professor, Ph.D. of Agricultural Sciences</p> <p> </p></bio><email>smanishkin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9274-7077</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">56069925000</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">M-3407-2016</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3916-9347</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курынцева</surname><given-names>Полина Александровна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuryntseva</surname><given-names>Polina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Россия</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старший научный сотрудник учебно-научной лаборатории Центра агро- и экобиотехнологий, к.б.н., Институт экологии, биотехнологии и природопользования</p> <p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior Researcher, Ph.D. of Biological Sciences, Institute оf Ecology, Biotechnology and Nature Management</p> <p> </p></bio><email>polinazwerewa@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6379-7166</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">6603604965</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">L-8851-2013</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4867-6900</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Селивановская</surname><given-names>Светлана Юрьевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Selivanovskaya</surname><given-names>Svetlana Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Россия</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ведущий научный сотрудник учебно-научной лаборатории Центра агро- и экобиотехнологий, д.б.н., профессор, Институт экологии, биотехнологии и природопользования</p> <p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior Scientist, Doctor of biological sciences, Professor, Institute of Ecology, Biotechnology and Nature Management</p> <p> </p></bio><email>svetlana.selivanovskaya@kpfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan Federal University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Марийский государственный университет»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Mari State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><content-language>ru</content-language><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-02-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>115</fpage><lpage>140</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-07-30"><day>30</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Kamalova A.R., Akhmetzyanova L.G., Kuritsin I.N., Manishkin S.G., Kuryntseva P.A., Selivanovskaya S.Y.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Камалова А.Р., Ахметзянова Л.Г., Курицин И.Н., Манишкин С.Г., Курынцева П.А., Селивановская С.Ю.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kamalova A.R., Akhmetzyanova L.G., Kuritsin I.N., Manishkin S.G., Kuryntseva P.A., Selivanovskaya S.Y.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Камалова А.Р., Ахметзянова Л.Г., Курицин И.Н., Манишкин С.Г., Курынцева П.А., Селивановская С.Ю.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rcsi.science/2658-6649/article/view/442792">https://journals.rcsi.science/2658-6649/article/view/442792</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. The use of chicken manure composting to mitigate livestock carbon footprint remains understudied, particularly regarding the balance between greenhouse gas emissions and long-term carbon stabilization in soil. This study accounted for both direct emissions and indirect emissions from transportation and energy-intensive operations. The findings enable process optimization considering environmental efficiency and climate goals.</p> <p>The purpose of this study was to calculate the carbon footprint of compost produced through open windrow chicken manure composting at a model facility in central Russia.</p> <p>Materials and methods. The study utilized floor-based chicken manure from “Atyashevo” poultry farm (Republic of Mari El). Composting was conducted in two windrows (24×3×1,1 m, 28 t raw material each) over 37 days, with continuous temperature and moisture monitoring. Direct emissions (CO2, CH4) were measured using a “PIA” gas chromatograph with a closed chamber method, while indirect emissions were calculated based on energy consumption and fuel costs following GHG Protocol. All measurements were performed in triplicate.</p> <p>Results. The highest CO2 emission intensity (up to 27,17 g C/m2*h) occurred during the initial phase due to rapid decomposition of labile organic matter, decreasing to 119,78 g C/m2*h by the end. Total direct emissions reached 1,91 t CO2. According to Russian Ministry of Natural Resources Method №371, CH4 emissions were 5,6× 10-7 t and N2O emissions 3,4×10-8 t, though these values were below instrument detection limits. Indirect emission analysis revealed that feedstock transportation (0,024 t CO2), windrow turner operation (0,189 t CO2), tractor use (0,151 t CO2), and granulation (0,72 t CO2) were major contributors.</p> <p>Conclusion. Simplified calculation methods underestimated emissions by up to 63%: the compost carbon footprint was 0,044 t CO2/t when using simplified methods and 0,117 t CO2/t when accounting for indirect emissions.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Обоснование. Компостирование куриного помёта как метод снижения углеродного следа животноводства остаётся недостаточно изученным, особенно в аспекте баланса между эмиссией парниковых газов и долгосрочной стабилизацией углерода в почве. В работе были учтены не только прямые выбросы, но и косвенные, связанные с эксплуатацией автотранспорта и энергозатратными операциями. Полученные данные позволяют оптимизировать процесс с учётом экологической эффективности и соответствия климатическим целям.</p> <p>Цель. Рассчитать углеродный след компоста, получаемого на модельном предприятии, расположенном в средней полосе России, и использующем технологию компостирования куриного помета в открытых буртах.</p> <p>Материалы и методы. В исследовании использовали куриный помёт напольного содержания, полученный с птицефабрики «Атяшево» (Республика Марий Эл). Компостирование осуществляли в двух буртах (24×3×1,1 м, по 28 т сырья) в течение 37 суток, при котором осуществлялся постоянный мониторинг температурного режима и влажности. Прямые выбросы (CO2, CH4) определяли газовым хроматографом «ПИА» методом закрытой камеры, косвенные выбросы рассчитывали по данным энергопотребления и топливных затрат согласно GHG-протоколу. Все измерения выполнены в трёхкратной повторности.</p> <p>Результаты исследований. Было выявлено, что наибольшая интенсивность выделения СО2 (до 27,17 г С/м2*ч) наблюдалась в начальной фазе из-за активного разложения легкодоступной органики, а к концу процесса эмиссия снизилась до 119,78 г С/м2*ч. Суммарные прямые выбросы за период компостирования составили 1,91 т CO2. Расчеты согласно Минприроды России №371 показали, что эмиссия CH4 составила 5,6 × 10-7 т, эмиссия N2O – 3,4 × 10-8 т, экспериментально объем эмиссии данных газов установить не удалось, так как концентрация данных газов была на уровне чувствительности прибора. Анализ косвенных выбросов выявил, что транспортировка сырья (0,024 т СО2), работа ворошителя (0,189 т CO2) и трактора (0,151 т CO2) вносили наибольший вклад в углеродный след компоста. Большой вклад вносило гранулирование - 0,72 т СО2.</p> <p>Заключение. Расчет по упрощенной методике не учитывает до 63% выбросов: углеродный след компоста составил 0,044 т CO2/т при расчете по упрощенной методике и 0,117 т CO2/т при расчете с учетом косвенных выбросов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>парниковые газы</kwd><kwd>компостирование</kwd><kwd>эмиссия парниковых газов</kwd><kwd>топливо</kwd><kwd>углеродный след</kwd><kwd>куриный помет</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>greenhouse gases</kwd><kwd>composting</kwd><kwd>greenhouse gas emissions</kwd><kwd>fuel</kwd><kwd>carbon footprint</kwd><kwd>chicken manure</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bryukhanov, A. Yu., Romanovskaya, A. A., Shalavina, E. V., Vasiliev, E. V., &amp; Vertyankina, V. Yu. (2024). The impact of manure and litter processing technologies on greenhouse gas emissions. 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