Investigating arboreal ant communities as predators of coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei Ferr.) in Arabica coffee plantations
Аннотация
This study investigated the arboreal ant community and evaluated its potential role as a predator of the Coffee Berry Borer (CBB) in Gayo coffee plantations in Aceh Tengah Regency, Sumatra, Indonesia. Four plantations (two organic and two conventional) were studied. Arboreal ants found on coffee trees and CBB-infested berries were also observed. A total of 23 ant species were recorded in conventional plantations and 17 species in organic plantations. Notably, the abundance of ants was three times higher in the organic plantations than in the conventional plantations. The observed ant genera, including Crematogaster, Pheidole, Tetramorium, Tapinoma, Technomyrmex, and Monomorium, exhibited potential as CBB predators in both cultivation systems. Interestingly, seven ant species found inside CBB-infested berries were the same as those on coffee trees, suggesting that they enter through CBB-made holes and prey on pests within the berries. The absence of pesticide use and the diverse shade plants in the agroforestry system likely contributed to the higher ant abundance in organic plantations. These findings highlight the potential of exploiting arboreal ant communities for sustainable CBB management during Gayo coffee cultivation.
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