ОСОБЕННОСТИ МОЛЕКУЛЯРНО-ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИХ СВОЙСТВ ВИРУСА ЛЕЙКОЗА КРУПНОГО РОГАТОГО СКОТА: ПЕРВЫЕ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ РЕСПУБЛИКИ БАШКОРТОСТАН
Аннотация
Целью исследования являлось изучение молекулярно-генетических свойств возбудителя лейкоза крупного рогатого скота, персистирующего на территории Республики Башкортостан.
Молекулярно-генетические исследования биологического материала от разновозрастных групп крупного рогатого скота республики, инфицированного вирусом лейкоза проведены методами ПЦР-ПДРФ, ДНК-секвенирования.
В результате получены новые знания о молекулярно-генетической структуре и основных полиморфизмах возбудителя лейкоза животных на территории Республики Башкортостан. Впервые осуществлена классификация изолятов вируса лейкоза крупного рогатого скота (BLV), выделенных на территории республики с помощью биоинформатических методов статистической обработки данных. Определены доминирующие генетические группы, дана оценка аминокислотным заменам в структуре поверхностного gp51 (SU) гликопротеина изолятов вируса лейкоза.
В результате проведенного кластерного анализа, большинство последовательностей из республики Башкортостан отнесено к генетической группе BLV 4 (бельгийский генотип по ПДРФ-реакции).
Биоинформатической обработкой определены однонуклеотидные SNP генотип-специфические аминокислотные полиморфизмы в структуре env гена исследуемых изолятов BLV, приводящие к аминокислотным изменениям в структуре SU gp51 гликопротеина оболочки, основные из которых имели расположение в его N-концевой части.
Выполненные исследования расширяют научные знания о генетических свойствах отдельных генотипов возбудителя лейкоза. Эпизоотологический и молекулярно-генетический мониторинг позволяет также изучать особенности распространения генетических типов возбудителя лейкоза в различных условиях и на разных административных территориях Российской Федерации в корреляции с характером течения лейкозного патологического процесса среди популяций животных. Это позволяет прогнозировать возможности появления новых «агрессивных» генетических вариантов возбудителя, межвидовую передачу и своевременно разрабатывать современные методы диагностики и контроля за их распространением.
Информация о финансировании. Исследование проведено в рамках государственного задания №0532-2021-0007.
EDN: FYDOJW
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