Иксодовые клещи и случаи бруцеллеза в Тавушской области Армении: устойчивое сельское хозяйство
Аннотация
Обоснование. Известно, что клещи вызывают клещевые заболевания животных (метазоонозы). С другой стороны, возможными факторами риска распространения бруцеллеза на уровне животных являются пол животных и перемещения животных, взаимоотношения собака-хозяин, а также состав почвы. В настоящее время также имеются научные данные, позволяющие предположить связь между иксодовыми клещами и вспышками бруцеллеза.
Цель. Целью исследования было изучение распространенности иксодовых клещей в очагах вспышек бруцеллеза в Тавушской области Армении.
Материалы и методы. Полевые работы проводились в январе-декабре 2023 года в Тавушской области в районе Берд. Клещей собирали/определяли количественно и анализировали в соответствии со стандартными методическими указаниями. Отметки ставились с интервалом 50–60 шагов, для каждой географической зоны примерно 30 образцов.
Для создания базы данных по бруцеллезу животных с 1950 по 2020 год были изучены архивные данные профильных организаций и интернет-источников.
Результаты. В результате комплексного изучения равнинной, лесной, субальпийской и альпийской зон района Берд обнаружено шесть видов клещей: Rhipicephalus annulatus, Rhipicephalus bursa, Ixodes ricinus, Dermacentor marginatus, Hyalomma marginatum и Hyalomma scupense.
Заключение. Результаты проведенных исследований не исключают роли иксодовых клещей в вспышках бруцеллеза в регионе. Результаты важны для разработки стратегии борьбы с зоонозами, а также для определения пастбищ для скота.
EDN: FOULPV
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References
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